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Multilocus microsatellite typing of Leishmania infantum isolates in monitored Leishmania/HIV coinfected patients
Conclusions: Our data indicated a great MLMT variability between isolates from coinfected patients and no predominant genotype was observed. Despite this, almost all clinical episodes could be interpreted as a relapse rather than a reinfection. The results showed that diverse factors like an intrapatient evolution over time or culture bias could influence the parasite population detected in the patient, making it difficult to differentiate between relapse and reinfection.
Source: Parasites and Vectors - July 22, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Míriam Tomás-PérezMallorie HideCristina RieraLiliana MontoyaAnne-Laure BañulsEsteve RiberaMontserrat PortúsRoser Fisa Source Type: research

A review of current strategies towards the elimination of latent HIV-1 and subsequent HIV-1 cure.
CONCLUSION: Recent advances hold promise for the ultimate cure of HIV infection. A systems-level approach that fully recapitulate the dynamics and complexity of HIV-1 latency in vivo and applicable in human therapy is prudent for HIV eradication to be more feasible. Future studies aimed at achieving a prolonged HIV remission state are more likely to be successful if they focus on a combination strategy including the block and kill, and stem cell approaches. These strategies propose a functional cure with minimal toxicity for patients. We believe that the cure of HIV infection will be attained in the short term if a strateg...
Source: Current HIV Research - August 18, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Maina EK, Adan AA, Mureithi H, Muriuki J, Lwembe RM Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

The Role of Targeted HIV Screening in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review.
CONCLUSIONS: Targeted HIV screening at the ED can be impactful, feasible and well accepted, but often requires extra funding and staff. Most previous work has focused on areas of high disease prevalence. PMID: 33231157 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - November 22, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Spagnolello O, Gallagher B, Lone N, Ceccarelli G, D'Ettorre G, Reed MJ Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

State of the Evidence: Intimate Partner Violence and HIV/STI Risk Among Adolescents.
Abstract This paper provides a critical narrative review of the scientific literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) and risky sexual behavior as well as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents, aged 14-24 years. Intimate partner violence has been associated with a number of high risk sexual behavior, including inconsistent condom use, multiple sexual partners, earlier sexual debut, consuming substances while engaging in sexual behavior, and sexually transmitted infections among adolescents. An electronic search of the literature was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science...
Source: Current HIV Research - January 28, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Seth P, Diclemente RJ, Lovvorn A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from Real-Life Data.
CONCLUSIONS: Data obtained in this systematic review indicate that more than 1 in every five subjects with HIV had a moderate-high cardiovascular risk. In consequence, the burden of cardiovascular disease in PLWHIV represents a public health problem. There is an urgent need to develop strategies to prevent and detect cardiovascular risk assessment effectively in PLWHIV. PMID: 31830884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - December 10, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Grand M, Bia D, Diaz A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Signs of Neuronal Injury Before and After Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy in Acute HIV Infection
Conclusions. CSF NFL levels are not elevated in untreated acute HIV infection or after 6 months of immediately initiated cART but are abnormal in chronic HIV infection before and after treatment. In acute HIV infection, CSF NFL levels are inversely associated with neuroimaging markers of neuronal health.
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 4, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Peluso, M. J., Valcour, V., Ananworanich, J., Sithinamsuwan, P., Chalermchai, T., Fletcher, J. L. K., Lerdlum, S., Chomchey, N., Slike, B., Sailasuta, N., Gisslen, M., Zetterberg, H., Spudich, S., on behalf of the RV254/SEARCH 010 and SEARCH 011 Study Tea Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research

Prevalence of HIV-Seropositivity and Associated Impact on Mortality among Injured Patients from Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Available data indicate that HIV-seropositivity among the injured is high relative to national rates and may increase mortality, suggesting that integrated HIV-injury programming could be beneficial. Given the data limitations, further study of the HIV-injury intersection is crucially needed. PMID: 28933280 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 19, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Aluisio AR, Rege S, Stewart BT, Kinuthia J, Levine AC, Mello MJ, Farquhar C Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Socioeconomic and demographic statuses as determinants of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected patients: A systematic review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: The majority of the reviewed studies reported that there is no association between socio-demographic and economic variables and adherence to therapy. Whereas, some studies show that age of HIV patients (per year increasing) and sex (being male) were positively associated with adherence to ART. Among socio-economic factors, the available evidence does not provide conclusive support for the existence of a clear association with adherence to ART among HIV patients. There seems to be a positive trend between socioeconomic factors and adherence to ART in some of the reviewed studies. PMID: 31538899 [PubMed - as...
Source: Current HIV Research - September 18, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Azmach NN, Hamza TA, Husen AA Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Development of A Fission Yeast Cell-based Platform for High Throughput Screening of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.
CONCLUSION: We have successfully developed and validated a fission yeast cell-based HTS platform for the future screening and testing of HIV-1 PR inhibitors. PMID: 31782368 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - November 26, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Benko Z, Zhang J, Zhao RY Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Discontinuation of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for Presumed Renal Adverse Events in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1 Patients: Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Studies
Conclusions: In clinical studies using TDF-containing regimens, the rate of discontinuations due to renal AEs was low, but was slightly higher than in studies using non-TDF comparators. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 231-245DOI 10.1310/hct1506-231Authors Jonathan Winston, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New YorkMichel Chonchol, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, ColoradoJoel Gallant, Southwest CARE Center, Santa Fe, New MexicoJacques Durr, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FloridaRobert B. Cana...
Source: HIV Clinical Trials - November 29, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Clinical Trials Source Type: research

Harnessing digital data and data science to achieve 90–90–90 goals to end the HIV epidemic
Purpose of review Effective public health interventions depend on timely, accurate surveillance. Harnessing digital data (including internet searches, social media, and online media) and data science is an emerging approach to complement traditional surveillance in public health but has been underutilized in HIV prevention and treatment. Recent findings We highlight recent examples that illustrate how social media data can be applied to HIV surveillance and prevention interventions. Summary To achieve 90–90–90 goals to end the HIV epidemic, we encourage traditional public health researchers to partner with data...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ENDING HIV: PROGRESS TO 90–90–90: Edited by Carlos del Rio Source Type: research

The Top 5 Stories in HIV Medicine for 2016 The Top 5 Stories in HIV Medicine for 2016
Dr Sax reveals his picks for the top 5 stories in HIV medicine, including the approval of drug combinations and gains made in the search for a cure.Medscape HIV/AIDS
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - January 20, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS Commentary Source Type: news

Challenges and opportunities for hepatitis B cure in the setting of HIV--hepatitis B virus co-infection
Purpose of review To examine issues specific to HIV--HBV co-infection that are relevant to the search for and achieving hepatitis B cure in this the setting Recent findings In HIV--HBV co-infection, high rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss early after initiation of HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (ART) have previously been reported. Between 2012 and 2016, HBsAg loss from 2.8 to 23% was reported in numerous studies, including those already on suppressive HBV-active ART. Data published in 2018–2019 show that these rates have remained fairly stable (3.0–13.9%). However, it appears that higher HBsAg lo...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 6, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND HEPATITIS B CURE: Edited by Sharon R. Lewin and Peter A. Revill Source Type: research

Latest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of InfectionLatest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of Infection
Disappointing results from SEARCH 19 and other recent studies are a challenge for researchers, who must balance progress with the fact that most patients are doing well on antiretroviral therapy. Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - July 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news

Latest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of Infection Latest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of Infection
Disappointing results from SEARCH 19 and other recent studies are a challenge for researchers, who must balance progress with the fact that most patients are doing well on antiretroviral therapy. Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - July 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news